Geography

Geography is the scientific discipline that studies the phenomena and processes that explain the relationships between the natural environment and humankind on the Earth's surface. Its specializations are defined by the elements they analyze. Physical geography studies elements of nature such as relief (geomorphology), the atmosphere (climatology), water (hydrography), and the distribution of living organisms (biogeography). Human geography studies elements related to the inhabitants of these spaces (population geography), their economic activities in a general sense or in their specific areas (economic, agricultural, industrial, service, and tourism geography), as well as the communications necessary for connecting territories (transport geography) that transform these places. Regional geography provides a geographical synthesis of the characteristic elements of territories at different scales. Geography uses its own language, cartography, to represent the territorial processes it studies. In recent years, the techniques for representing and processing territorial information have become a geographical specialty of great importance.